Original Research Paper

Review On Trypanocidal Drug Resistance In Ethiopia Perspective

Abstract :

Trypanosomosis is responsible for the death of 3 million heads of cattle yearly, with 50 million animals at risk in sub-Saharan Africa. The problem of trypanosomosis is still far from being solved due to the fact that trypanosomes affect multiple hosts, widespread trypanocidal drug resistance and antigenic variation displayed by trypanosomes. Trypanocidal drugs: Isometamidium chloride (ISM) and Diminazene aceturate (DA) are the most widely used drugs for control animal trypanosomosis in Ethiopia. However, there is growing concern that their future effectiveness may be severely reduced by widespread drug resistance. Because it is very unlikely that new trypanosomal drugs will be released on to the market in the future, it is essential to maintain the efficacy of the currently available drugs. So proper detection methods of drug resistance by test in ruminants, in mice, in vitro, molecular tests and xenodiagnoses and followed by the right techniques on the delay of the development of drug resistance like reduction in the number of treatments, avoidance of under dosage, change of drugs, use of national drug police and if once resistance present allowing integrated control measures such as reducing vector numbers to reduce the number of drug treatments was great importance.

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